[2] After 1720, the territories corresponding to the current states of São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Goiás, Tocantins, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul as well as the current Federal District remained part of the Captaincy of São Paulo, besides the current South and Southwest of Minas Gerais, Triângulo Mineiro and South of Rio de Janeiro.

In practice, however, it was under the jurisdiction of the São Paulo government and was not known to continue after the death of the procurator-mor, Djalma Fogaça, which, in 1753, during the reign of Joseph I, was purchased by the Portuguese crown from its last donee, the Count of Ilha do Príncipe.

Luís António de Sousa Botelho Mourão, the third Majorat of Mateus, reinstalled the government of the captaincy and created several villages.

There is significant official documentation about the period, spread in several institutions or projects: Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, Brazilian National Archives, Torre do Tombo National Archive, Portuguese-Brazilian Digital Library, National Library of Brazil, Project Resgate - Barão do Rio Branco, Institute of Brazilian Studies at the University of São Paulo and Arquivo Público do Estado de São Paulo (APESP).

The latter, in particular, has a diversity of textual documentation, such as instructions from the Conselho Ultramarino (Overseas Council), Royal charters, sesmarias[note 1] requirements, laws, decrees, petitions, and letters, among many others, dealing with a variety of themes, such as slave flight, military campaigns, and the construction of churches, roads, and hospitals.