Muschampia floccifera

However Muschampia flocciferus differs from this C. alceae by the clearly protruding white spot in the center of the upper side of the hind wing.

The northern border in Europe currently runs through France south of Paris and the Vosges through the Alpine foothills (formerly: Rhine-Main area and Danube region) and Austria and further through eastern Poland north to the Baltic States and Russia.

In Germany, outside of Bavaria, the species is currently only found in the bordering Baden-Württemberg part of the West Allgäu hill country and the Lake Constance basin.

[3][4] In Bavaria, Muschampia floccifera lives mainly on extensively used, alternately moist purple moor grass dominated meadows with plenty of Betonica officinalis, mostly on fen soils or moorland.

In addition to the above-mentioned purple moor grass dominated meadows also relatively dry locations in the Alpine foothills are occupied, such as drained peat soils, transition areas between purple moor grass dominated meadows and poor grassland on moraine or drumlin flanks or knolls, as well as alluvial soils near streams with a tendency to semi-arid grassland.

[1] A partial second generation can occur when caterpillars do not start the diapause as usual in late summer, but develop into pupae.

[6][1] The brown, dome-shaped eggs are usually deposited individually on non-flowering plants on the upper side of leaves close to the ground, preferably on the midrib near the leaf base.

For the detection of Muschampia flocciferus the search for eggs or young caterpillars is well suited, whereby particular attention should be paid to Betonica plants in places with gaps and low-growing vegetation.

[7] In contrast to most other skipper species, the males of Muschampia flocciferus show pronounced patrolling behavior when looking for a partner.

In addition to neglecting harmful measures such as fertilization, afforestation or drainage, appropriate land management is therefore of central importance for maintaining populations.

The Muschampia flocciferus copes well with this, especially since the leaves of Betonica officinalis close to the ground are only partially covered by the mowing.

The freshly sprouting Betonica officinalis is then an ideal egg-laying substrate for Muschampia flocciferus when it is on the wing.