Joaquín Fernández de Portocarrero y Mendoza, 4th Marquis of Almenara, 9th Count of Palma del Río (27 March 1681 – 22 June 1760) was a Grandee of Spain who served Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor as Viceroy of Sicily and interim Viceroy of Naples, before entering the priesthood in his late forties and rising to the rank of cardinal, ending his life as Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina.

[1] He was born in Madrid, Spain as son of Luis Antonio Tomas de Portocarrero and Maria Leonor of Moscoso.

In his twenties and thirties, he conducted military campaigns for King Philip V of Spain.

He was Spanish Ambassador in Rome from 1746 to 1760, on behalf of King Ferdinand VI of Spain.

On 9 September 1743, he was elevated to cardinal, and appointed Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quattro Coronati.