The explorers were followed by trappers, missionaries, and emigrants that would travel through on the Oregon Trail.

[3] In May 1863, members of the Morrisite religious sect took refuge at the junction of Soda Creek and Bear River where they formed Morristown.

At the direction of General Patrick E. Conner, a fort was constructed in the fall of 1863 for their protection.

[4][5][6][7] Settlement in the western portion of the county from Thatcher to Chesterfield was primarily ranching and farming operations up until 1880.

Squaw Creek Station was the initial name for Bancroft that was established when the railroad was built.

[10] The 1890 census lists four precincts of Chesterfield, Gentile Valley (now Thatcher), Little Blackfoot (now Henry), and Soda Springs with a combined population of 1,722.

On January 11, 1948, the residents of this area voted to become part of Caribou County.

[16] The county's highpoint is Meade Peak at 9,963 ft (3,037 m) above sea level.

20.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 6,963 people, 2,606 households, and 1,936 families living in the county.

[24] In terms of ancestry, 27.5% were English, 17.0% were German, 7.2% were Swedish, 7.0% were Danish, 5.0% were Irish, and 4.3% were American.

Like all of archconservative LDS southeastern Idaho, Caribou County has been overwhelmingly Republican since the middle 1960s.

In fact, in no presidential election subsequent to that landslide has any Democratic nominee cracked one-third of the county's vote.