Carl Deichman (1705 – 21 April 1780) was a Norwegian businessman, industrialist, book collector and philanthropist.
He received his early education at home and was taught Latin, language, history and political science.
Carl and Vilhelm Deichman became co-owners of Bolvig Ironworks (Bolvik Jernverk) in Telemark in 1734-1741.
After his brother Vilhelm died in 1769, Carl Deichman became the sole owner of their not insignificant common fortune.
This collection and an additional endowment formed the initial basis for the Deichmanske bibliotek of the Oslo Public Library.