Count Carl Gyllenborg (7 March 1679 – 9 December 1746) was a Swedish statesman and author.

In 1715, he was made minister plenipotentiary, and two years later was imprisoned for five months because of his participation in the plot to reinstate the House of Stuart.

Whilst in this office, he founded the Hattparti or Hattar ('Hat' Party), which instigated the disastrous Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743), resulting in the loss of Kymmenegård.

He was successively chancellor of the universities of Lund (1728) and Uppsala (1739), was a patron of letters and art, and wrote several poems and the first Swedish comedy, Den svenska Sprätthöken (1740).

Relating to a Design to Raise a Rebellion on His Majesty's Dominions, to be Supported by a Force from Sweden, were published in French and English (1717).