Romme also worked as a trade association executive for the Catholic Employers' Association from November 1919 until December 1924 and was a contributing editor for the magazines Het Patroonsblad and De RK Werkgever from February 1920 until December 1924.

Romme also became active in the private sector and public sector and occupied numerous seats as a corporate director and nonprofit director on several boards of directors and supervisory boards (Brill Publishers, Elsevier and the Concertgebouw) and served on several state commissions and councils on behalf of the government (Mine Council and the Council for Culture).

Romme became a member of the House of Representatives after the resignation of Leo Guit, serving from 31 January 1933 until 9 May 1933.

After the 1937 general election, Romme was appointed as Minister of Social Affairs in the fourth Colijn cabinet, taking office on 24 June 1937.

Following the end of World War II, Romme became actively involved in politics again, and was one of the primary initiators for reforming the Roman Catholic State Party.