Carlo Castellani (15 January 1909 – 11 August 1944) was an Italian footballer who played as a striker for Empoli, Livorno and Viareggio Calcio.

He was deported to Gusen concentration camp in early 1944 in place of his anti-fascist father, and died there on 11 August 1944, aged 35.

[2][5] He retired from football in 1940 and continued to live in his birth town of Fibbiana, where he owned a sawmill.

[6] Castellani's father was a socialist and vocal critic of Benito Mussolini and fascism and as a result, following strikes at a nearby glass factory, the occupying German forces looked to arrest his father.

[1] Castellani was instead taken to the railway station in Florence from where he was deported to Mauthausen concentration camp.