Carlo Vizzini

Later, he became a member of the Italian Senate from Sicily for Forza Italia (FI) and latterly The People of Freedom (PdL).

Vizzini was a leading member of one of Forza Italia's social-democratic factions, a group known as the Clubs of Reformist Initiative.

The faction was succeeded by the social-democratic European Reformists when Forza Italia merged into the PdL.

Vizzini declared publicly and in judicial proceedings that he did not know Massimo Ciancimino, and on 7 January 2013 the Prosecutor of Palermo formally requested the closing of the investigation opened against him.

[3] In November 2011 Vizzini left the PdL and joined the Italian Socialist Party (PSI).