The Carneau (plural Carneaux) is a breed of pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding primarily as a utility pigeon.

The breed is known for large size and suitability for squab production.

White Carneau pigeons are extensively used in experiments on operant conditioning; most of the pigeons used in B. F. Skinner's original work on schedules of reinforcement were White Carneaux.

[2] The Carneau originated in northern France and southern Belgium.

It was once a free-flying breed, living by fielding.