Caroline S. Wagner (5 June 1955, Rhode Island) is an American academic and author specializing in public policy related to science, technology, and innovation.

She earned her doctorate from the University of Amsterdam in Science and Technology Dynamics, under Dutch sociologist Loet Leydesdorff; a Master of Arts degree in Science, Technology and Public Policy from George Washington University; and a Bachelor of Arts from Trinity College, Washington, DC.

[1][2][3] In 2018, Wagner authored a book, The Collaborative Era in Science: Governing the Network, by Palgrave Publishers.

Governments seek to scan and reintegrate knowledge in addition to investing in national or regional science and technology.

Wagner received a Rockefeller Foundation grant to write The New Invisible College: Science for Development published by Brookings Institution Press in 2008.