He played parts of four seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), between 1957 and 1960, with the Chicago Cubs, Milwaukee Braves and Detroit Tigers.

Wise's career batting average was well below the Mendoza line, at .174 in his 126 games, a fact pointed out by Brendan C. Boyd and Fred C. Harris in their impish commentary in The Great American Baseball Card Flipping, Trading and Bubble Gum Book (p. 59): "His may not be the worst Major League hitting record of all time, but it's definitely in contention."

[1][2] Wise also briefly managed in the minors, taking over the Triple-A Jacksonville Suns after the sudden death of Ben Geraghty on June 18, 1963, and guiding them for the remainder of the season.

[3] Tommy John, who played for him in Jacksonville, recalled that "Casey was a player's manager, an easygoing fellow who had good rapport with the kids.

After his professional baseball career, Wise earned degrees in dentistry and orthodontics from the University of Tennessee and became the first orthodontist in Naples, Florida, starting his practice in 1968.