The sole species is Castanospermum australe, commonly known as Moreton Bay chestnut or black bean,[1][6][7] which is native to rainforested areas on the east coast of Queensland and northeastern New South Wales, and to the southwest Pacific islands of Vanuatu and New Caledonia[3][8] The black bean is a large evergreen tree growing up to 40 m (130 ft) tall,[7][9] though commonly much smaller.

[14] Due to its importance as a food, the blackbean tree was a seasonal gathering point for Aboriginal peoples, and this acted as a catalyst for ceremonies.

The bark fibre has been used for fish and animal traps, nets and baskets, and the empty seed pods have been used as toy boats.

[16] The timber, which somewhat resembles walnut, is soft, fine-grained, and takes a good polish,[23] and the wood has a durability rating above-ground of over 40 years longevity.

[24] Due to its significance as a food for Aboriginal people, blackbean trees were spread by hand into mountain areas on the east coast of Australia.