Catarina Teresa Rola Sarmento e Castro (born 16 May 1970) is a Portuguese jurist and politician.

A professor in the Faculty of Law at the University of Coimbra, she has also served as a judge in the Constitutional Court.

Her father was Osvaldo Alberto do Rosário Sarmento e Castro, a former Socialist Party deputy in the Assembly of the Republic.

She obtained undergraduate and master's degrees, as well as a PhD, from the Faculty of Law at the University of Coimbra and also studied for a postgraduate diploma at the Université catholique de Louvain in Belgium, with a dissertation entitled The notion of victim in the European Convention of the Rights of Man.

On 26 October 2019, she became the new Secretary of State for Human Resources and Former Combatants in the Ministry of National Defence.