Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Nanjing)

First built in 1870 during the Qing dynasty, it was later severely damaged during the Northern Expedition War and had to be rebuilt by the Chinese government in 1928.

He bought up a private residence on the west side of the city at a place called Luosi Zhuanwan (罗寺转湾 or later written 螺丝转湾), and with some minor modifications it was soon a centre of religious activities.

It was not to last long however, for in 1618 there was an imperial decree banning the practice of Catholicism and the church was torn down.

In 1870 a new Romanesque church was built by the French Jesuit Adrien de Carrère on a larger site that included the former site of Ricci's church and also the ruins of an old Buddhist temple.

During the Northern Expedition War (1926–1927) it suffered severe damages and was even used as a stables for a period of time.