Cemetery of San Fernando
The lower third is 360 metres long, and stretches from the southern entrance to the roundabout containing the crucified Antonio Susillo.
In the 1609 Constitutions of the Archbishopric, it was decided that funeral monuments could only be made inside churches in cases where they were in a chapel paid for by the deceased.
[3] When the 18th century politician Pablo de Olavide designed his "Nuevas Poblaciones" for Andalusia, a cemetery on the outskirts of the town was always part of this project.
However, the place was not suitable for this purpose, as stated in a document by the mayor of the city who was also member of the Brotherhood of San Sebastian, Pedro Esteban de Morales, in 1728.
[5] In 1821, the cathedral chapter asked the brotherhood for permission to do something similar, and in the end they built some niches in the north wall.
[6] In 1825, the architect Julián de la Vega designed a public tomb with 202 niches, behind the chapel of San Sebastián.
[7] The drenching of the bodies, the accumulation of water in the surroundings, and the lack of maintenance of the enclosure caused it to become ruined in the 1850s.
[9][2] In 1832 the municipal architect Melchor Cano drew up a plan to build a public cemetery in the Antequera or Cerragera farm, which adjoins the monastery of La Cartuja".
Although it remained in good condition, it was not chosen to become a general cemetery for the city, and as it was too small even for the Triana neighbourhood.
Although in the creation of the cemetery in Gijón in 1850 niches were considered a sign of distinction, the opposite was the norm in Spain.
José de la Coba Mellado designed a stone monument inspired by the tombs of Asia Minor (mainly lithic).
In 1894, Juan José López Sáez designed two guard houses at the back of the front, on both sides of the main avenue.
In June 1897, the Town Hall proposed to place Susillo's crucifix in a roundabout on the main avenue of the cemetery.
In 1913 the same architect designed the pantheon of the González Álvarez-Ossorio family, which has a replica of the Cachorro, a crucified figure from Triana, inside.
[17] The bronze funeral monument of Joselito el Gallo was designed by Mariano Benlliure in November 1921, and the tomb was completed in its present location in 1926.
The sculpture, which shows several people carrying the open casket, prompted a visit from Alfonso XIII in 1930.
[18] In 1926, Gabino Amaya designed a bronze sculpture for the burial of the painter José Villegas Cordero.
It is the chapel of Emilia Scholtz, the widow of Cayetano Luca de Tena and Álvarez Ossorio.
[21] The dissidents were non-Catholics who ended up in the cemetery, suicides, unbaptized children, and those condemned to death by garrotte.
[23] In 1934, a new municipal ordinance is passed for the operation of the cemetery, where to reinforce its secular character the chaplain is suppressed.
In 1936, with the beginning of the Civil War and the repression of Queipo de Llano in the city, four common graves were created in the cemetery in which the Andalusian leader Blas Infante, left-wing councillors, and 3,800 Sevillians (probably communists and anarchists) were buried.
In 1937 and 1938 improvement works were carried out in the main avenue, in the Cristo de las Mieles roundabout and in the cemetery buildings.
However, in 1941, with the public coffers depleted after the war, it was decided to undertake an extension to the north of the San Fernando cemetery.
[32] In the year 2000, it seemed necessary to expropriate 32 buildings in the San Jerónimo industrial estate, north of the cemetery, to make new niches in that land.
