Cephalotes dieteri is an extinct species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae known from two Middle Miocene fossils found in amber on Hispaniola.

[1] At the time of description, the holotype and paratype specimens were both preserved in the collections of the State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart in Germany.

Living and fossil Cephalotes, Eucryptocerus, Exocryptocerus and Zacryptocerus ants were examined in 1999 by Maria L. De Andrade and Cesare Baroni Urbani with a redescription of included species being published in the journal Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde.

De Andrade and Baroni Urbani coined the specific epithet dieteri as a patronym honoring Dieter Schlee, who was responsible for amassing the Stuttgart amber collections that housed many of the specimens studied.

The frontal ridges on the face, rear corners of the head along with the borders of the pronotal and gastral wings are a lighter coloration than the rest of the workers bodies.

[1] The denser reticulation of the exoskeleton, along with the slightly smaller head size separates C. dieteri from its sister species Cephalotes integerrimus, also from Dominican amber.