Hosts that suffer from late leaf spot include groundnut species belonging to the genus Arachis hypogaea,[1] and peanuts.
[2] Symptoms include dark brown to black pin-point spots on the upper and under side of the leaf surface.
This includes areas such as Oklahoma, the southern USA, Fiji, Solomon Islands, as well as Tonga.
Cultural controls help to delay the onset and development of symptoms, and reduce the level of the primary inoculum present.
[2] The primary inoculum that causes the onset of symptoms is induced by the production of microscopic spores called conidia in soil residue.
[5] As opposed to irrigation systems, growers are encouraged to apply small amounts of water regularly in order to maintain a drier canopy.
[1] Fungicide application is recommended on a 14-day set calendar schedule, or according to weather based leaf spot advisory.
[3] In fields that utilize crop rotation, fungicides should be sprayed during the early pod stage (R3), which typically occurs during July, but can vary according to environment.
[3] Chlorothalonil (Bravo; various generic brands), are the most successful fungicides, and have reduced risk of host resistance.
Following a harvesting season, growers should collect, burn, or bury the remains of the crops to prevent the soil-borne pathogen from surviving and causing future disease outbreaks.