A passing loop runs to the side of track 1 in between the platform and the station building.

[2][5][3] To the south of the station, the Komatsushima Line once branched off towards the railway facilities at Komatshima Port.

[3] Chūden Station was opened on 15 December 1916 along a stretch of track laid down in 1913 by the Awa National Joint Steamship Company (阿波国共同汽船, Awa-koku kyōdō kisen) between Tokushima and the port at Komatsushima (where the rail facilities are now closed).

The Awa Steamship company was nationalized on 1 September 1917, and Japanese Government Railways (JGR) took over control of the station and operated it as part of the Komatsushima Light Railway and later, the Komatsushima Line.

On 1 April 1987, with the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR), the successor of JGR, JR Shikoku took over control of the station.