Chad–Nigeria border

[1] This short boundary consists of a single straight line connecting Chad and Nigeria's tripoints with Niger and Cameroon.

[3] The process culminated in the Berlin Conference of 1884, in which the European nations concerned agreed upon their respective territorial claims and the rules of engagements going forward.

As a result of this France gained control of the upper valley of the Niger River (roughly equivalent to the areas of modern Mali and Niger), and also the lands explored by Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza for France in Central Africa (roughly equivalent to modern Gabon and Congo-Brazzaville).

In 1900 rule of these areas was transferred to the British government, with the Northern and Southern (including Lagos and Calabar) protectorates united as the colony of Nigeria in 1914.

[7][8] In more recent years many thousands of refugees have crossed the border due to the ongoing Boko Haram insurgency in north-eastern Nigeria.