The chairperson is elected by the People's Congress of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and responsible to it and its Standing Committee.

The chairperson is a provincial level official and is responsible for the overall decision-making of the regional government.

The chairperson generally serves as the deputy secretary of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and as a member of the CCP Central Committee.

The chairperson is the second-highest-ranking official in the autonomous region after the secretary of the CCP Inner Mongolia Committee.

[1] The current chairperson is Wang Lixia, who took office on 5 August 2021.