Chalybeate

Khálups is the singular form of Khálubes or Chalybes, who were a people living on Mount Ida in north Asia Minor and who were expert in iron working.

His eldest son's physician said the waters contained "vitriol" and the waters of Tunbridge Wells could cure: the colic, the melancholy, and the vapours; it made the lean fat, the fat lean; it killed flat worms in the belly, loosened the clammy humours of the body, and dried the over-moist brain.He also apparently said, in verse: These waters youth in age renew Strength to the weak and sickly add Give the pale cheek a rosy hue And cheerful spirits to the sad.

In 1689, a spring of ferruginous water rich in gas and tasting pleasantly was discovered by Count Lelio Piovene of Vicenza.

The water contains a significant level of dissolved mineral salts, with iron and manganese contributing to its characteristic flavour.

An analysis in 1967 showed it to contain (parts per million): Chalybeate springs are found in: Caledon, Western Cape, South Africa.