In the Ming dynasty, the wearing of long-length upper jacket (ao) with skirts became more prevalent than the wearing of short upper jacket with skirts.

[3] Several paintings, book illustrations, tomb artefacts, and references from books which dates from the late Ming dynasty show that women were wearing long-length ao with a skirt during this period.

[3] The combination of long-length ao with skirt continued to exist in the Qing dynasty.

[3] However the style of Ming dynasty ao continued to evolve under the influence of the Manchu fashion.

[5] The chang-ao was actually developed from zhiduo during the Ming Dynasty, and is worn over a skirt.