Charles-Robert Ageron (6 November 1923 – 3 September 2008) was a French historian specializing in colonial Algeria.

He was born on 6 November 1923 in Lyon and died on 3 September 2008 in Kremlin-Bicêtre.

At the same time in 1968, led by Charles-André Julien, he presented his thesis on the situation of Muslims in Algeria and France from 1871 to 1919.

He was appointed professor at the University of Tours in 1970, then at the Université Paris XII in 1982.

He chaired the Société française d'histoire d'outre-mer (French Society of overseas history) up to 2008 and directed the Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer (French magazine of overseas history).