Charles Barker Wheeler (December 27, 1851 – November 21, 1935) was an American judge from New York.

Charles Barker Wheeler was born on December 27, 1851, in Poplar Ridge, New York, to Jane (née Barker) and Cyrenus Wheeler Jr. His father was an inventor of harvesting equipment and served as mayor of Auburn.

[6] On November 28, 1906, he was appointed by Governor Frank W. Higgins as a justice to fill a vacancy on the New York Supreme Court (8th judicial district) following the resignation of Daniel J. Kenefick.

In 1907, he was nominated by both the Republican and Democratic parties and was elected to a regular term of 14 years.

[1][5] Wheeler died on November 21, 1935, at Buffalo General Hospital.

[3] In 1913, Wheeler received an honorary degree of Doctor of Laws from Williams College.