Charles Domingo

Domingo was one of three Africans sponsored by Joseph Booth who created independent churches in Nyasaland in the early 20th century, the others being John Chilembwe and Elliot Kamwana.

[7] After a public dispute with Fraser, he left his post in November 1908, travelled to the south of Nyasaland and received baptism from John Chilembwe, effectively ending any connection with what was now the United Free Church of Scotland.

[9] He stayed for about a year, leaving because he had become ill, because the greater financial support he expected, either from Chilembwe’s Providence Industrial Mission or its American backers, failed to materialised, and also because the Portuguese authorities objected to his activities there.

[12] Despite his earlier membership of the Watch Tower movement, Domingo did not express the sort of millennial expectations entertained by Elliot Kamwana, who predicted the start of the Millennium and the ending of colonial rule in 1914.

[13] From 1910 onward, Domingo made very strong criticisms of European missions, government and companies in his letters, seeing them as the three bodies that combined to oppress Africans.

[15] Between 1911 and 1915, Domingo was the pastor of a small Seventh Day Baptist congregation that grew only slowly in size as, in contrast to Kamwana, he rejected the mass conversion of converts uninstructed in church beliefs.

[16][17] Initially, support from the American Seventh Day Baptist movement was channelled through Joseph Booth in South Africa, but 1911 and 1912 most of the Nyasaland pastors sought funding directly from America rather than through him, and requested the appointment of a resident missionary.

In January 1916, after replying favourably to a letter from Booth advocating African political representation, he was required to leave Nyasaland and was sent to Chinde as a clerk but was transferred to Zomba in 1917.