Charles Frédéric Martins (1806–1889) was a French physician, botanist, geologist, naturalist, and translator.

At the University of Montpellier he became in 1846 professeur agrégé (associate professor) for natural sciences (botany and zoology) and in 1851 professor for medical botany and natural history and director of the Jardin des plantes de Montpellier.

He translated the textbook on meteorology by the physicist and meteorologist Ludwig Friedrich Kämtz [de].

[6] At the botanical garden in Montpellier, he supervised the building of a large glass house and an observatory.

Martins wrote a preface for Edmond Barbier's translation of Charles Darwin's book on insectivorous plants[7] and a preface for Charles Letourneau's translation of Ernst Haeckel's book on the doctrine of evolution.