Charles Phillip Johnson (January 18, 1836 - May 21, 1920) was an American politician and attorney who served as Missouri lieutenant governor from 1873 until 1875.

His mother was born in Mississippi River island community of Kaskaskia, Illinois.

Johnson had helped organize Missouri troops for the Union cause during the Civil War.

He served in the Missouri legislature before and after his term as lieutenant governor.

In the 1880s, when the James–Younger Gang was breaking up, the strong Union-supporter Johnson was one of the defense attorneys for Frank James.