On 20 September 1803, Lady Charlotte was married to Henry Wellesley, the fifth and youngest son of Garret Wellesley, 1st Earl of Mornington and Anne Hill-Trevor (eldest daughter of Arthur Hill-Trevor, 1st Viscount Dungannon), later 1st Baron Cowley.
It was claimed that Paget had pursued her ruthlessly and that she had asked her husband to stay close to her in public "for the express purpose of avoiding Lord P's importunities".
[7] Charlotte's brother Henry Cadogan challenged Paget to a duel; honour was satisfied, though neither was injured.
[10] Together, Charlotte and her second husband had ten children, of whom seven survived infancy, including:[11] Her second husband succeeded his father as Earl of Uxbridge on 13 March 1812, and Lady Charlotte became the Countess of Uxbridge and upon his elevation to a marquessate on 4 July 1815, she became the Marchioness of Anglesey.
Her widower, the Marquess of Anglesey, died at Uxbridge House in London on 29 April 1854.