Incheon[a] is a city located in northwestern South Korea, bordering Seoul and Gyeonggi Province to the east.

[citation needed] The large volume of port traffic makes Incheon a Large-Port Metropolis using the Southampton System of Port-City classification.

[5] The first historical record of the Incheon area dates back to 475 AD, during the reign of King Jangsu of Goguryeo, by the name of Michuhol, which is supposed to be located on modern Munhak Hill (문학산).

The city center was Gwangyo-dong, where the prefecture office (도호부청사) and the local academy (hyanggyo, 향교) were located.

Another historical name of the city, Jemulpo (alternatively Romanized as Chemulpo), was not widely used until the opening of the port in 1883.

[citation needed] Incheon was known as Inchon prior to South Korea's adoption of a new Romanization system in 2000.

[9] The city was the site of the Battle of Chemulpo Bay, where the first shots of the Russo-Japanese War were fired.

[11] Incheon was the site of the third Global Model United Nations Conference, held from 10 to 14 August 2011.

[16] This is for the ultimate purpose of establishing Incheon as a commercial and business hub of northeast Asia (see Free Economic Zone below).

[citation needed] Incheon is home to a number of colleges and universities: Incheon has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa) using the −3 °C (27 °F) isotherm,[17] and humid continental climate[18] (Köppen Dwa, respectively) using the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm.

[20] Incheon experiences each of its four seasons, distinctly feeling the rise and fall of temperature and humidity.

But with the designation of Incheon Free Economic Zone in 2003, the city is now making an effort to foster new growth industries.

[27] The airport is experiencing a rapid increase in passengers, and the opening of Terminal 2 in December 2017 spurred additional traffic.

The International Passenger Terminal located at the port offers ferries to five cities in China: Dalian, Qingdao, Tianjin, Dandong, and Weihai.

There are also ferries to Incheon's outlying islands as well as Baengnyeongdo inside of the Northern Limit Line.

There are additional plans to use the newly built Suin Line to bring KTX service to Incheon station by 2021.

It was then extended in 2016, and now reaches Incheon station where passengers can transfer to Seoul Subway Line 1.

The Incheon Free Economic Zone (IFEZ) comprises the regions of Songdo, Cheongna, and Yeongjong Island, covering a total area of 51,739 acres (20,938 hectares).

IFEZ was established to develop these areas into centres for logistics, international business, leisure, and tourism, aimed primarily at the Northeast Asian region.

The designation of "Free Economic Zone" refers to efforts to enhance the business environment for foreign enterprises and improve living conditions for expatriates.

The region includes infrastructure for air and sea transportation, logistics, international business, financial services, and residential facilities, alongside educational, medical, and leisure amenities.

[30] Songdo houses various multinational companies and hosts several international institutions, including the Green Climate Fund.

[31] The development aims to combine logistical facilities with residential, business, and tourism sectors, leveraging its proximity to the airport.

Cheongna, located on the mainland near Yeongjong Island, is designed to focus on entertainment and leisure.

It includes residential zones, sports facilities, and a business district catering to international finance.

Although initially slated for completion by 2008, development timelines have since been extended, with some projects, such as the theme park, still in the planning or early construction stages.

The WK League women's team is called the Hyundai Steel Red Angels.

In April 2007, Incheon was selected as the host city for the 2014 Asian Games, beating out New Delhi.