Chernyshevsk (Russian: Чернышевск, IPA: [t͡ɕɪrnɨˈʂɛfsk]) is an urban settlement and the administrative center of the Chernyshevsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai.

[1] Originally Aleurskaya zaimka then Popovskaya settlement, which arose no earlier than 1670.

In 1908, Pashenny halt was built on Amur Railway on the other side of the river Aleur.

In 1936, the village received People's Commissar of Railways Lazar Kaganovich and for this reason the station was named after him: imeni Kaganovicha.

[1] In September 1957, the station was renamed to Chernyshevsk-Zabaykalsky, and the settlement imeni Kaganovicha to Chernyshevsk.