Chester Cicero Cole (4 June 1824 – 4 October 1913) was a justice of the Iowa Supreme Court from March 1, 1864 to January 19, 1876 appointed from Polk County, Iowa.

Cole was a founder of both Iowa law schools.

[1] He married Miss Amanda M. Bennett on June 25, 1848, a daughter of Egbert and Gertrude Richtmyer Bennett The couple had seven children: Following graduation, Cole practiced law in Marion, Kentucky, before moving to Iowa in 1857.

[1] Cole's tenure on the Iowa Supreme Court began on March 1, 1864 and lasted until he resigned, effective Jan. 19, 1876.

[3] During this time, the court issued several important rulings supporting civil rights, including With Justice George Grover Wright, Cole co-founded Iowa Law School in 1865, in Des Moines, which, in 1868, relocated to Iowa City, becoming the law department of the University of Iowa, later the University of Iowa College of Law.