Chester Ray Longwell (15 October 1887 – 15 December 1975) was an American geologist who conducted extensive research into the geology of the Basin and Range province in Nevada.

His fieldwork led to a more complete understanding of Paleozoic and lower Mesozoic stratigraphic sequence in the southern Great Basin.

[2][4] From 1953 to 1954, he served as president, American Geological Institute.

[8] He earned his bachelor's degree at University of Missouri and his Ph.D. at Yale.

He died at his home in Palo Alto, California on 15 December 1975.