The chestnut-bellied partridge (Arborophila javanica) also known as chestnut-bellied hill-partridge or Javan hill-partridge is a small, up to 28 cm long, partridge with a rufous crown and nape, red legs, grey breast, brown wings, red facial skin, and a black mask, throat and bill.

An Indonesian endemic, the chestnut-bellied partridge is distributed to hill and mountain forests of west and east Java.

The chestnut-bellied partridge was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae.

[2] Gmelin based his description on the "Javan partridge" that had been described and illustrated in 1776 by the English naturalist Peter Brown.

[3] The chestnut-bellied partridge is now one of around twenty species placed in the genus Arborophila that was introduced in 1837 by the English naturalist Brian Houghton Hodgson.