Chiburijima (知夫里島) is one of the Dōzen Islands in the Oki archipelago in the Sea of Japan.

[2] Chiburijima is the smallest of the three major islands forming the Dozen group within the Oki archipelago approximately 80 kilometres (43 nmi) north of Honshu coast.

[4] The island's two most well-known natural features are Mount Akahage (アカハゲ山, Akahage-yama) and Sekiheki (赤壁), a sea-cliff composed of red rock.

These include the following, all of which are read "Chiburi": 知夫里, 知夫, 知夫利, 智夫, 道触 (see below), 知振, 千振, and 千波.

The earliest evidence of human habitation of Chibujima is the tomb called Himemiya Shrine Ruins (姫宮神社遺跡, Himemiya-jinja iseki) located in Urumi.

Also, the Oki Islands, including Chiburijima, are mentioned in Japan's two most ancient texts, Kojiki and Nihon Shoki.

In the Asuka period, the area became incorporated into the "Chibu district" (知夫郡, Chibu-gun) encompassing both Chiburi Island and Nishinoshima.