Francisco Rodrigues de Alencar Filho, known as Chico Alencar (born 19 October 1949), is a Brazilian politician, historian, and writer, affiliated with the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL).

Alencar was first elected as a Councillor, representing the city of Rio de Janeiro for two consecutive terms (1989-92 and 1993-97).

He was also elected as a state deputy, representing the state of Rio de Janeiro at the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro for a single term (1999-2003) and as a federal deputy representing the state of Rio de Janeiro at the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil for four consecutive terms (2003-07; 2007-11; 2011-15 and 2015-19).

[2] He was elected by journalists, five times in a row, the best federal deputy of Brazil, receiving the Prêmio Congresso em Foco (Congress in Focus Prize) award.

[3] On 17 April 2016, he voted against the opening of the impeachment process of former president Dilma Rousseff.