As per the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister.

Following elections to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government.

[1] Since 1972, five people from four parties have served as chief minister of Mizoram; the inaugural officeholder was CH.

Lal Thanhawla of the Indian National Congress has the longest incumbency of over 21 years in 5 terms.

The current incumbent is Lalduhoma of the Zoram People's Movement who assumed office on 8 December 2023.