China–Central Asia–West Asia Economic Corridor

[1][2] Academic researchers have variously included the countries of Central Asia, the Caucasus, Middle East, Balkans and Turkey as part of the corridor.

A report on the BRI by the OECD in 2018 classifies the following long list of countries as part of the corridor: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, the Palestinian Authority, Romania, Serbia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

The railway service traveled from China to Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan (using train ferries to cross the Caspian Sea from Kazakhstan),[4] Georgia, Turkey (passing through Istanbul's Marmaray Tunnel under the Bosphorus) before arriving in Central Europe.

The railway line and the Port of Baku rail head are both included in the list BRI corridors and projects.

[6] CCAWEC provides an alternative land route between China and Europe which avoids Russian territory.