The People's Republic of China competed at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia, from 18 August to 2 September 2018.

With Hangzhou hosting the 2022 Asian Games, a Chinese segment was performed at the closing ceremony.

Note that reserves in fencing, field hockey, football, and handball are counted as athletes:

[6] Qualification legend: QF=Final; QS=Semifinal b Riders who entered the competition but did not participating in any phase of the team event.

[12] Gu Bingfeng was awarded as the top scorer in the women's team event after amassed 13 goals.

[19] Head coach: Jia Xiuquan China joined in group A at the women's team event.

[22] Chinese Modern Pentathlon Association announced four pentathletes (2 men's and 2 women's) who competed at the Games.

[23] China rugby sevens men's and women's team drawn in group A respectively.

[26] Head coach: Chad Brenan Shepherd China women's national softball team qualified for the Asian Games by finishing fourth in the 2017 Asian Women's Softball Championship.

Key: Head coach: Petar Porobić Head coach: Gong Dali China has prepared 14 weightlifters to compete at the Games, but the athletes not allowed to compete due to the International Weightlifting Federation’s (IWF) ban on the country.