He specializes in the Native Americans of eastern North America and the Northeastern United States and their material culture, ethnological image research and Native American anthropology of art.
He is widely acknowledged for his pioneering research and publications on the early European-Native American colonial contact period, and on the history of museum collections.
From 1975 he taught anthropology at the University of Vienna and was habilitated in 1980 with a thesis on "Indian alcohol use in North America".
Feest was professor of the ethnology of indigenous America at the Frobenius Institute at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main from 1993 to 2004.
Christian Feest was the editor of the European Review of Native American Studies.