The church is dedicated to Our Lady of the Rosary and is constructed in the Baroque style with a Rococo frontispiece.

[1][2][3][4] The church and convent are connected to the House of Prayer of the Carmelite Third Order; the two form a single architectural complex.

In addition to the Carmelite structure, João Rodrigues Adorno donated land to the Society of Jesus to construct the Church of the Old Seminary in Belém da Cachoeira in the same period, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of Carmelite church and convent.

The site of the Mount Carmel church and convent was part of a sugar cane mill owned by Adorno.

It was also used as a school, town hall, courtroom, and hospital in the 19th century; by the end of this period the rich art collection and most of the interior elements of the church and convent were lost.

[2][3][4] The Church and Convent of Our Lady of Mount Carmel is located on Rua Inocêncio Boaventura at the Praça da Aclamação, a plaza, in the Caquende neighborhood of Cachoeira.

The church and convent are connected to the House of Prayer of the Carmelite Third Order to form an architectural complex called "the most important urban space" by IPAC.

[3][5] The Church and Convent of Our Lady of Mount Carmel is a two-story structure with a raised frontispiece.

The design of the church is similar to that of the convents of Carmo, Graça and Desterro, in Salvador, all constructed in the same period.

The church ceiling features trompe-l'œil paintings from the school of Antonio Simões Ribeiro and José Joaquim da Rocha.

It has a small altar with carving work, two chests of drawers, and a lavabo of Lias stone imported from Portugal.

A coat of arms of the order in stucco is the sole remaining interior element from the original convent; it is located on the door of the cloister that gives access to the stair of the building.