[1] The name has been given in commemoration of Peter's triple denial of being associated with Jesus during the night of his arrest "... before the cock crows twice" (Mark 14:30), and has been introduced by the Crusaders.

This is believed to be the location of the palace of Caiaphas, the Jewish High Priest who sat in judgement over Jesus, where Peter's triple denial took place.

A Byzantine shrine dedicated to Peter's repentance was erected on this spot in AD 457, but was destroyed by the Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah in 1010.

In the courtyard is a statue that depicts the events of the denial and include its main figures: the cock, the woman, and the Roman soldier.

Since tradition places the palace of Caiaphas on this site, many believe that Jesus may have been imprisoned in one of these underground crypts after his arrest; however, these caves were normal in many Roman-era homes, and often served as cellars, water cisterns, and baths.