RP-1) (Raketnyii Planer – rocket glider) was a twin-engined tailless research aircraft designed and built in the USSR from 1931.

Flight testing began early in 1932 as a bungee-launched glider with ski undercarriage.

Later flight tests used an ABC Scorpion piston engine.

The 50 kg (110 lb) thrust Tsander OR-2 engines were to have been mounted either side of the central nacelle in small over-wing fairings, with large liquid-oxygen and gasoline tanks mounted forward of the engines' combustion chambers.

The rocket engines were successfully bench run in 1933, but were never installed in the aircraft.