The seat/municipality's current name is to honor Nicolás Romero, who fought for Benito Juárez during the Reform War and the French intervention in Mexico.

[3] As municipal seat, Ciudad Nicolás Romero has governing jurisdiction over the following communities: Colonia 5 de Febrero, Colonia Buena Vista, Los Manantiales, El Puerto, Quinto Barrio (Ejido Cahuacán), Santa María Magdalena Cahuacán, Caja de Agua, Barron, Colonia Morelos, Progreso Industrial, Puerto Magú, San Francisco Magú, San José el Vidrio, San Juan de las Tablas, San Miguel Hila, Transfiguración, La Concepción (El Escobal), Ranchería los Duraznos, El Tanque, Paredeño (Rancho Paredeño), Loma del Río, Joya del Tejocote, Loma Larga, Colonia el Mirador, Puentecillas, Cahuacán, Ejido Magú, El Esclavo, Las Espinas, Miranda, Pueblo Nuevo, San José, Barrio de la Luz, Loma de Guadalupe (La Biznaga), Colonia Llano Grande (Nuevo Ejido), Veintidós de Febrero, Colonia los Tubos, Barrio de Guadalupe, Los Pilares, Loma de San José, Las Milpitas, La Cantera, La Estancia, San José los Barbechos (Los Barbechos), Colonia San Miguel, Ampliación el Rosario, and Loma de Chapultepec.

[3] It borders the municipalities of Villa del Carbón, Tepotzotlán, Atizapán de Zaragoza, Isidro Fabela, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Jiquipilco and Temoaya.

The area the current municipality is located in became a tributary state of the Aztec Triple Alliance, in 1430, with the district's seat at Cahuacán subject to Tlacupan in what is now Tacuba.

In 1820, the municipality of Monte Bajo was created, which included what is now Nicolás Romero and parts of Atizapán de Zaragoza.