Claude Lecouteux (born 8 February 1943) is a French philologist and medievalist who specializes in Germanic studies.

He is Professor Emeritus and Chair of the Literature and Civilization of Medieval Germanic Peoples at Sorbonne University.

In 1986 Lecouteux published what is now regarded as a seminal history of ghosts from 500 to 1500, relying largely on literary sources.

From 1981 to 1992, Lecouteux was Professor and Chair of the Languages, Literatures and Civilizations of Germanic Peoples at the University of Caen Normandy.

Since 2007, Lecouteux has been Professor Emeritus and Chair of the Literature and Civilization of Medieval Germanic Peoples at Sorbonne University.