Co-marketing

"Co-marketing" began in 1981 when Koichi Shimizu, a professor at Josai University, published an article in a bulletin published by Nikkei Advertising Research Institute in Japan.

These can be remembered by the cardinal directions, hence the name compass model: In addition to the consumer, there are various uncontrollable external environmental factors encircling the companies.

Here it can also be explained by the first character of the four directions marked on the compass model:[citation needed] The co-creation of a company and consumers are contained in the co-marketing.

Co-creation is a management initiative, or form of economic strategy, that brings different parties together (for instance, a company and a group of customers), in order to jointly produce a mutually valued outcome.

[8] Collaborative marketing is a marketing practice where two companies cooperate with separate distribution channels, sometimes including profit sharing.