[3]Leader of the National Party Leader of the Opposition Prime Minister General elections The term was not coined in New Zealand, however; earlier usage included that of British Prime Minister David Cameron to describe a potential coalition between Labour and the Scottish National Party (see Chaos with Ed Miliband), which became similarly infamous.
[4] Under New Zealand's mixed-member proportional (MMP) voting system, legislative coalitions are almost always essential for forming governments.
At one point Luxon caused controversy after also claiming Labour would go into coalition with "Te Pāti Māori... and the gangs".
[8][9][10] Hipkins occasionally also utilised the phrase to claim that Luxon would form an extreme right coalition with two parties, ACT New Zealand, led by David Seymour, and New Zealand First, led by veteran politician Winston Peters; Hipkins also used the term "coalition of cuts".
[22] The term "coalition of chaos" to describe the Sixth National Government is mostly by left-wing commentators and politicians, but also some conservative ones, such as Matthew Hooton.