It was settled mainly by the Irish and was named after Coleraine, a seaport town in County Londonderry, now in Northern Ireland.

Records show that Presbyterian Scots and Scotch-Irish also moved into Colerain Township very early into its settlement.

The White Rock Forge Covered Bridge, John Douglass House, and Andrews Bridge Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

It includes the communities of Collins, Andrews Bridge, Kirkwood, and Union.

10.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.