A collective benefit often benefits more than one person at the cost of an individual acting to obtain the benefit.
[1] It is common that an individual may benefit from a collective act without contributing to it.
[1] Collective benefits can non-competitive and inclusive if the availability of the benefit does not diminish from the use of one actor.
[2] An example of this type of collective benefit is social capital.
[2] However, they can also be exclusive if the benefit is not available to all networks of relation, such as a pure public good.