It was the only one of the six original and three later colleges to survive the decentralising reforms of Catherine II of Russia.
In 1802 it became the Ministry of Land Forces, although this resulted in no fundamental change to the nature of the institution.
In 1720, in the Military Collegium there were 13 class officials, 47 clerics and 8 other servants, and 454 soldiers and non-commissioned officers attached to the college.
In 1720, three foreigners served in the Military Collegium, but 82 full-time members of the college were still vacant due to the lack of qualified specialists [the source is not specified 594 days].
In 1798, it was divided into army, garrison, foreign, recruitment, repair and training expeditions; in addition, it has military, counting, inspecting, commissariat, food and artillery, general auditorium, drawing with the archive and Moscow artillery depot expeditions.